Class-6th Chapter -2 Programming Language

 

Class-6th

Chapter -2    Programming Language 

 Key Vocabulary

Proximity : Closeness in distance to something.

Abstraction : To hide details which are not essential for someone or something.

Portable : A program that can execute on different hardware and operating systems.

Source code : Program written in any computer programming language.

Machine code : Program compiled by a translator and executable by a computer.

SQL : Structured Query Language, used to work with databases.

Procedure : Set of instructions in a program that does a specific task.

Module : Group of related procedures which help perform a task.

Event : Any action by user or software - mouse click, key press, window opened, etc.

Pseudocode : Code written in syntax which is closer to actual program but not                             executable.

Exercise 

A.     Multiple Choice Questions 

1.    a) First

2.    b) Second

3.    c) Interpreter

4.    b) Compiler

5.    c) Fourth

6.    c) Object-oriented

7.    c) Both a) and b)

8.    c) %

B.     Fill in the blanks 

1.    Algorithm, Pseudocode

2.    True

3.    Constant, Variable

4.    Modular, Procedural

5.    Python

C. Match the following:

1.    Machine language

2.    Java

3.     SQL

4.    Scratch

5.    User clicks LOGIN button

6.    Pseudocode

D.     Answer the following questions                               

1. Write two distinct features of the programming languages of each of the 5 generations.

Ans:-    First Generation (Machine Language):

i)    Written in binary (0s and 1s).

ii)    Fastest execution but difficult to understand.

Second Generation (Assembly Language):

i) Uses mnemonics (ADD, MOV, etc.).

ii) Requires an assembler to translate.

Third Generation (High-Level Language):

i) Easy to read and write.

ii) Machine independent (portable).

Fourth Generation (4GL):

i) English-like language.

ii) Used mainly for database and application development.

Fifth Generation (5GL):

i) Used in Artificial Intelligence (AI).

ii) Focuses on problem-solving and logic rather than coding.

2. What is the basic difference between a compiler and an interpreter?

Ans:-    A compiler translates the entire program at once and creates an executable file but an interpreter translates and executes the program one statement at a time and stops when an error is found.

3. What is the role of an operator in programming?

Ans:-    Operators are symbols used to perform operations on data or variables, such as arithmetic, comparison, logical, and assignment operations.

4. What is a pseudocode? How is it different from an algorithm?

Ans:-    Pseudocode is an English-like description of a program that is similar to programming code but cannot be executed by a computer.Difference between an Algorithm and a Pseudocode:

Algorithm: A step-by-step procedure written in simple language to solve a problem.

Pseudocode: A structured, English-like description of a program that is closer to actual programming code but is not executable.